SQL LAST() 函数

LAST() 函数返回指定的列中最后一个记录的值。

## 语法

```sql
SELECT LAST(column_name) FROM table_name;
```

> 注释：只有 MS Access 支持 LAST() 函数。

## SQL Server、MySQL 和 Oracle 中的 SQL LAST() 工作区

### SQL Server 语法

```sql
SELECT TOP 1 column_name FROM table_name
    ORDER BY column_name DESC;
```

### 实例

```sql
SELECT TOP 1 CustomerName FROM Customers
    ORDER BY CustomerID
    DESC;
```

### MySQL 语法

```sql
SELECT column_name FROM table_name
    ORDER BY column_name DESC
    LIMIT 1;
```

### 实例

```sql
SELECT CustomerName FROM Customers
    ORDER BY CustomerID DESC
    LIMIT 1;
```

### Oracle 语法

```sql
SELECT column_name FROM table_name
    ORDER BY  column_name DESC
    WHERE ROWNUM <=1;
```

### 实例

```sql
SELECT CustomerName FROM Customers
    ORDER BY CustomerID DESC
    WHERE
    ROWNUM <=1;
```

### 演示数据库

在本教程中，我们将使用众所周知的 Northwind 样本数据库。

下面是选自 "Customers" 表的数据：

| CustomerID | CustomerName | ContactName | Address | City | PostalCode | Country |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Alfreds Futterkiste | Maria Anders | Obere Str. 57 | Berlin | 12209 | Germany |
| 2 | Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados | Ana Trujillo | Avda. de la Constitución 2222 | México D.F. | 05021 | Mexico |
| 3 | Antonio Moreno Taquería | Antonio Moreno | Mataderos 2312 | México D.F. | 05023 | Mexico |
| 4 | Around the Horn | Thomas Hardy | 120 Hanover Sq. | London | WA1 1DP | UK |
| 5 | Berglunds snabbköp | Christina Berglund | Berguvsvägen 8 | Luleå | S-958 22 | Sweden |

下面的 SQL 语句选取 "Customers" 表的 "CustomerName" 列中最后一个记录的值：

```sql
SELECT LAST(CustomerName) AS LastCustomer FROM Customers;
```